The NIFTY 50 (National Stock Exchange Fifty) is the flagship benchmark index of the National Stock Exchange (NSE) in India. It tracks the performance of the 50 largest and most liquid "blue-chip" companies listed on the exchange.

Think of it as the "financial heartbeat" of the Indian economy—when people ask, "How is the market doing today?", they are usually referring to the movement of the Nifty 50.

## Key Features & Methodology

Composition: It consists of 50 stocks covering roughly 13-15 sectors of the Indian economy (e.g., Banking, IT, Energy, and Pharma).

Weighting: It uses the free-float market capitalization method. This means a company's influence on the index depends only on the shares available for public trading, excluding promoter holdings.

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Rebalancing: The index is reviewed semi-annually (January and July) to ensure only the strongest and most liquid companies remain.

Base Value: It was launched on April 22, 1996, with a base date of November 3, 1995, and a base value of 1,000.

### Major Sector Weights (Approx. 2026)

Sector	Approximate Weightage
Financial Services	~37%
Information Technology	~11%
Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels	~10%
Automobile	~7%
Consumer Goods (FMCG)	~6%

## Why It Matters

Market Barometer: It reflects the overall health of the Indian equity market.

Investment Benchmark: Mutual fund managers use it to compare their performance.

Passive Investing: Most Index Funds and ETFs in India track the Nifty 50 because of its stability and high liquidity.

Derivatives Trading: It is one of the most actively traded indices in the world for Futures and Options (F&O).

Fun Fact: The name "NIFTY" is a blend of the words National Stock Exchange and Fifty.

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